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Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a complication of pregnancy characterized by intractable nausea, vomiting, and dehydration and is estimated to affect 0.5–2.0% of pregnant women. Malnutrition and other serious complications, such as fluid or electrolyte imbalances, may result. Hyperemesis is considered a rare complication of pregnancy. Unlike morning sickness, hyperemesis can cause severe weight loss from 10% upwards to 40% of one's pre-pregnancy weight. It can be life-threatening if not treated. Also, unlike morning sickness, hyperemesis can last throughout the pregnancy and usually comes with constant vomiting, but always with constant nausea. A small % of those with hyperemesis rarely vomit, but the nausea still causes most (if not all) of the same issues that hyperemesis with vomiting does. ==Signs and symptoms== When hyperemesis gravidarum is severe or inadequately treated, it may result in the following:〔 * Loss of 5% or more of pre-pregnancy body weight * Dehydration, causing ketosis,〔 and constipation * Nutritional disorders such as vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency, vitamin B6 deficiency or vitamin B12 deficiency * Metabolic imbalances such as metabolic ketoacidosis〔 or thyrotoxicosis * Physical and emotional stress of pregnancy on the body * Difficulty with activities of daily living Symptoms can be aggravated by hunger, fatigue, prenatal vitamins (especially those containing iron), and diet. Some women with hyperemesis gravidarum lose as much as 10% of their body weight. Many sufferers of HG are extremely sensitive to odors in their environment; certain smells may exacerbate symptoms. This is known as hyperolfaction. Ptyalism, or hypersalivation, is another symptom experienced by some women suffering from HG. Hyperemesis gravidarum tends to occur in the first trimester of pregnancy and lasts significantly longer than morning sickness. While most women will experience near-complete relief of morning sickness symptoms near the beginning of their second trimester, some sufferers of HG will experience severe symptoms until they give birth to their baby, and sometimes even after giving birth.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.helpher.org/mothers/hyperemesis-or-morning-sickness/index.php )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hyperemesis gravidarum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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